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陽光高考門戶整理：現(xiàn)在完成進行時-高考
英語知識點
現(xiàn)在完成進行時
1. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)
肯定形式：sb have/has been doing sth
否定形式：sb have/has not been doing sth
一般疑問句：Have/Has sb been doing sth?
特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句
2. 用法
現(xiàn)在完成進行時態(tài)多用延續(xù)性動詞，如live, learn, lie, stay, sit, wait, stand, rest, study等，并常和all the time(一直)，this week, this month, all the morning, recently等狀語以及since和for所引導(dǎo)的狀語從句或短語連用（since和for連用時，動作常會繼續(xù)下去）。
① 表示從過去某一時刻開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，并且還將持續(xù)下去
例：I have been learning English since three years ago. (動作可能會持續(xù)下去)
② 表示在說話時刻之前剛剛結(jié)束的動作
We have been waiting for you for half an hour. (動作不再繼續(xù)下去了)
3. 注意：現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在完成進行時的區(qū)別
現(xiàn)在完成時表示動作已完成，強調(diào)結(jié)果，而現(xiàn)在完成進行時側(cè)重于動作尚未完成和仍在進行，強調(diào)的是動作。
例：I have read his latest book. 我已經(jīng)讀過他的新書。(動作已完成)
I have been reading his latest book. 我一直在讀他的新書。(動作未完成)
She has stayed in Beijing for six weeks. 她已在北京呆了六周。(強調(diào)動作已完成)
She has been staying in Beijing for six weeks. 她在北京呆了有六周了。(強調(diào)動作的持續(xù)性)
說的很抽象是不是，在此給一個秘籍，綜合這幾年的考題，如果選項中同時出現(xiàn)了現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在完成進行時，則可以優(yōu)先考慮現(xiàn)在完成進行時（通常正常選項為這個）而如果選項的時間狀語為表示頻率的詞，例如：once、twice、xxx times，除外
32. She _____ with the symphony orchestra three times this season.
A. played
B. has played
C. has been playing
D. is playing
這道題你選什么呢？
答案：C
練一練
1. 觀察下列例句，將序號填入對應(yīng)用法之后的空白欄中
⑴I received a letter from a friend yesterday. We had not heard from each other since 1990
⑵I hope we'll have got the instructions (說明書) ready before you come tomorrow.
⑶We had hoped to catch the 9:30 train, but we failed to.
⑷I had no sooner returned than he called.
⑸I have been waiting an hour and he still hasn't turned up.
⑹I have cleaned the house. It’s tidy now.
⑺I have watched him several times.
⑻It is the first time that I have visited the Beijing Zoo.
⑼I am very tired. I have been working all morning.
⑽We have discussed the topic (for) the last 3 weeks.
⑾This is the most terrible movie that I have ever watched.
時態(tài)
用法
現(xiàn)在完成時
“過發(fā)現(xiàn)影”：過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響，常與already，just，yet等連用
“過發(fā)持續(xù)”：過去發(fā)生的動作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，常與so far, until now, “for+時間段”，“since+時間點連用”
固定句型：
This/It is the first/second/last time that+現(xiàn)在完成時
This/It is the+形容詞最高級+名詞+that+現(xiàn)在完成時
過去完成時
“過去的過去”：表示在過去某一時刻或動作以前完成了的動作，常與“by+過去時間”或“by the time+時間狀語從句”連用
表示原本打算實現(xiàn)而未實現(xiàn)的希望或計劃。常用此結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞有hope, want, expect, think, mean, suppose, intend 等
用于no sooner… than; hardly… when的句型中
將來完成時
表示在將來的一個特定時刻將成為過去的動作或該時刻剛剛結(jié)束的動作，常與也可與“by+將來時間”或“by the time+現(xiàn)在時的時間狀語從句”連用
現(xiàn)在完成進行時
表示從過去某時開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，并且還將持續(xù)下去,常與“for+時間段”或者“since+時間點連用”
2. 單項選擇
1. ---Jack, do you know anything about Doctor Brown?
---I ______ to him for years. I don’t see how anyone else could do better.
A. went
B. will go
C. had gone
D. have been going
2. --- Why do you want to apply for the position as a history teacher?
--- This is the job that I ______.
A. looked for
B. had looked for
C. will look for
D. have been looking for
3.--- This is the most exciting movie I have ever watched.
--- Where did you get that DVD? I ______ to find it since last summer.
A. was trying
B. tried
C. had tried
D. have been trying
4. Since he left our school last August, Mr. Newman ______ on a photography exhibition.
A. worked
B. is working
C. had worked
D. has been working
5. --- Several hotels in this area are closing down．
--- That's because tourism itself ____ since last year．
A. is declining
B. declined
C. had declined
D. has been declining
6. --- I for more than 30 years! I'm going to retire soon．
--- Really? You don’t look a day over 40．
A. worked
B. have been working
C. had worked
D. am working
7. --- Did you find the missing couple in the mountain yesterday?
--- No, but we to get in touch with them ever since
A. have tried
B. had tried
C. have been trying
D. had been trying
8. The manager ______ the workers how to improve the program since 9 am.
A. has told
B. is telling
C. has been telling
D. will have told
9. --- How long ___ like this?
--- Three weeks! It's usual here that rain ___ without stopping these days of the year．
A. has it rained; pours
B. is it raining; is pouring
C. has it been raining; pours
D. does it rain; pours
10. We ______ for over 2 hours．Are you sure this is the right way?
A. have been driving
B. were driving
C. had driven
D. drove
3. 翻譯練習(xí)
①到下個月末，我們將會完成所有的工程。
②她很累，因為她一整天都在打字。
③你去哪了？我們一直在找你。
④她肯定很累，因為她一整天都在跳舞。
⑤電話一直響個不停。
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時態(tài)
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用法
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現(xiàn)在完成時
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“過發(fā)現(xiàn)影”：過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響，常與already，just，yet等連用
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⑹⑺
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“過發(fā)持續(xù)”：過去發(fā)生的動作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，常與so far, until now, “for+時間段”，“since+時間點連用”
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⑽
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固定句型：
This/It is the first/second/last time that+現(xiàn)在完成時
This/It is the+形容詞最高級+名詞+that+現(xiàn)在完成時
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⑻⑾
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過去完成時
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“過去的過去”：表示在過去某一時刻或動作以前完成了的動作，常與“by+過去時間”或“by the time+時間狀語從句”連用
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⑴
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表示原本打算實現(xiàn)而未實現(xiàn)的希望或計劃。常用此結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞有hope, want, expect, think, mean, suppose, intend 等
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⑶
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用于no sooner… than; hardly… when的句型中
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⑷
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將來完成時
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表示在將來的一個特定時刻將成為過去的動作或該時刻剛剛結(jié)束的動作，常與也可與“by+將來時間”或“by the time+現(xiàn)在時的時間狀語從句”連用
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⑵
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現(xiàn)在完成進行時
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表示從過去某時開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，并且還將持續(xù)下去,常與“for+時間段”或者“since+時間點連用”
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⑸
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練習(xí)2：Key:1-5 DDDDD 6-10 BCCCA
練習(xí)3：
1. I will have finished all the project by the end of next month.
2. She is tired, because she has been typing all day.
3. Where have you been? We have been looking for you all the time.
4. She must be tired, because she has been dancing for all day.
5.The phone has been ringing all the time.
江蘇中考報名系統(tǒng)入口 http://foodtvandme.com/beikao/english/
